Guitar Play Along Volume 98

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classical guitar technique

General
classical guitar technique can be broadly organized into sub-sections of the right hand left hand and miscellaneous. In the performance elements of guitar music such as dynamics and tonal variation are largely determined by the hand that physically produces the sound. In other words, the hand pulling the strings defines the musical expression. Historically, this role has been attributed to the dominant hand for most players, is the right arm. Similar reasoning is behind the string with your right hand to control the arc. In the ensuing discussion the role of hands must be reversed when considering the players left.
A preview of the art of classical guitar is featured on the article classical guitar (Section: Performance).
For items such as accessories and construction, visit the website of the classical guitar.
Position
Guitar classical general held in his left leg resting on a stool or increases the guitar by another device to take a central position in the player's body. Considerations base in determining a playback position are selected:
physical stability of the instrument
guarantee freedom of both hands to they have full access to the instrument and can meet all technical requirements without incurring the instrument
elimination muscle tension overall position of the body is
guitar technique and freedom
Since the thumb and fingers touching the string and each person has different fingers, there are large differences in the interaction between the guitarists, who often spend a lot of time to find their own way of playing that suits them in terms of specific targets for producing tone ("Beauty" / sound quality), minimum noise (eg clicking) wide dynamic range (soft strong control), min (muscle) effort, "recovery movement" fast (quick start when you want), and movement in healthy fingers, wrist, hand and arm.
There is no definitive way to achieve these goals (there is no technique guitar single optimal set): rather there are different ways to achieve these objectives, due to differences in the hands and fingers (including including nails) guitarists.
When guitarists are performing music (During playback), still looking (actively moving / Change your plucking hand, fingers) for good sound in terms of tone or timbre, to improve musical performance.
Most players wear Look at your left hand, and often difficult to place the fingers of your left hand on the right box and string. But ironically, in terms of production of the note is right arm is more important, perhaps it is sometimes given too little consideration. [Citation needed]
Right hand technique
The thumb and three fingers of his right hand press the strings great. The normal position of the hand to form vaguely like holding a block with the wrist slightly flexed, forearm based on combat than the guitar great, and fingers around the strings.
The thumb rest on the side of the other fingers, so you can work independently them. The height of the wrist and hand is dependent on gold so that's fingers can move with ease – the wrist is not normally very low, but bowed.
Plucking the strings is usually make first contact with the hand (usually left) fleshy fingertip (And often the left side of the nail, or simply the left side of the nail polish as long) and let the string slide smoothly by the curvature of the nail until the rope is released into the nail tip: the string is pulled. The two main technical collection are:
Rest (support), in which the finger that starts the chain is based on the string that follows immediately
Free time (shooting) in nothing beats the finger after the start of the string.
Rest time, more "deliberate" sound and can be used to pull the melody in the music where harmony is competing for attention. free sounds of times "lighter" and allows you to play fast passages more easily, although some guitarists (especially with long fingernails) to use exclusively free movement and are able to produce a loud noise with it.
Some guitarists nails long enough to avoid the rest of the race altogether, while others generally avoid it when they feel they have more control over the movement. Freedom of movement is the most natural, and you can still use. When two neighboring chains to be plucked while the rest of the race can not be used. In addition, the arpeggios is usually played without the time, except perhaps for the thumb or appropriate (effective and feasible because of the length of nails / hand position) with the ring finger if a melody is started. In his spare time, the movement of a finger is not put a sudden stop in the next channel, as is the case in the rest of the race.
Guitarists use both the free movement and rest strokes require nails of appropriate length, if the nails are too long, once a good break from poll is no longer possible. Many guitarists prefer to use nails long enough not to use the rest of the race.
An important factor for stroke, so sound is the angle that the finger would be overloaded with ropes. This angle is generally not performed perpendicular to the strings, but in a more natural, where fingers spread a bit like the left which has the advantage of a warmer tone and less noise due to the nails of contact, because the chain can slide on a turn, instead of being connected / trap.
Keeping your fingers and the hand perpendicular to the strings can cause problems because chain is aligned with the groove between the fingers and nails: this may cause noise, or double-click Sounds (sound of fingers, then his keys). With the conclusion fingers and hands to the left (as opposed to perpendicular), it is impossible for the string to land in the throat as the left button Nail the first channel (often associated with your finger, may further help click of a minimization). The nail at an angle to the rope and the rope can slide easily on the left side of the nail until it is released.
One of the principles of technical passages right scale is the hand of alternation. This is, no finger of right hand should be used to play two notes on-line (except the thumb, which is often to play a sequence of low scores.) Normally, scaling as the index and middle finger replacement. When harmony is played arpeggio with the thumb (p), index (i) and medium (M) finger, ring finger (a) can play a melody on harmony. In your tremolo technique thumb plays a bass note, followed by the fingers that play the same note three times acute PAMI, PAMI, PAMI, etc. (Recuerdos de la Alhambra by Francisco Trrega is a famous example this technique.)
The position of the right hand can be used to influence your sound produced by a classical guitar. The wealth of sonic possibilities allows performers to add contrast and color of their actions beyond the simple volume changes available, for example, pianists. When you press the strings near the bridge called Ponticello sul position and good notes "nasal" and "nose." When the strings are pressed on the fretboard position called sul tasto and the tone is full and soft (called dolce in Italian, see the list of top musical terminology). The angle at which the fingers strike the strings too much can affect the timbre.
The term refers pizzicato simply press the strings in music for stringed instruments. In classical guitar, however, refers to the placement of the hand below the little finger on the strings near the bridge and then plucking the strings with the fingers. This produces a loud noise and is known as the palm-language inhibition of the electric guitar. Tambor is a technique in which many or all of the strings are played at the same time in the striking (Usually near the bridge) with the thumb side (extended). Both drum and pizzicato Aconcagua can be heard by Barrios.
The fingers of the hand right is used to stop the notes sound beyond its duration, as indicated by the music. It is most often a problem with Open bass notes string tend to sound some time. While the notes of the thumb of his right hand (in general) is based on the call chain to stop it. This poses a major challenge for the guitarist as he or she need to attend every bass note twice, once to start and another to stop it. The same technique can be used to create a staccato effect.
Trills are usually played in a string with different combinations of insults the left, also known as legacies or hammer-ons and pull-offs. trills Cross-stream using two or three channels are also possible. In this case, the trill usually takes the form of down-up-down and may be enforced as follows: The judgments of the left hand, as the D # on fourth fret second string, right hand middle finger touches the note below the index "scrape" the ropes first and second production: D # #-ED. The difference between a trill between the strings and a common trill is that cons-string trill allows both notes ringing against each other. This technique is often used in music Baroque, but it is questionable whether it was common practice at the time.
There may be different positions depending on the hand on the movement of finger / hand / arm and the desired effect. standard positions could be (or its variants):
"The arpeggio position with the thumb playing the bass strings and the index, middle and ring fingers to pick up a pattern of three top chords, respectively.
Reproduction Scale: In general, a change in the index and middle finger, but other changes to the ring finger (or even a change thumb) are common,
Factors influencing the election could be the speed of the magnitude and progression of the melody strings, for example, a level generally begins in a chain then continues into the other.
On the other hand, during slow movements (especially music in counterpoint) guitar from time to time does not change the meaning fingers Strictly speaking, if it facilitates the interpretation of tonal similarity: An example of this would be when the index (Preferably thumb) is used to reproduce a melody line on the top rope while the ring finger can be used for a melody the first string. However, the melodic lines often move in different channels for many adjustments and a flexible approach is needed. On the other hand, there are no standards or guidelines – no guitar technique predefined: a guitarist to experiment and use the configuration finger plucking personally brought the best player.
It is important to note that not only the fingers are involved in picking the string, but the hand is also held comfortably loose and can move slightly and – although the arm is involved. For example when playing scales (usually with fingers in alternation, for example, index, middle, index, middle, …) and pass strings from top to bottom, or the strings from bottom to top, the hand moves up and down to adjust the position of the fingers to be at your best.
Main types of stroke
There are two main ways a string can be plucked with the finger:
preparation
prepared ("in flight", "speed limit") for example, tremolo
This separation is different from what we call time-outs and no time, while the remaining service life and freedom of movement can be used with or without preparation.
Preparation time
"Preparation" (known as seeding) is the placement of the room (usually the left) of meat finger (And often the left side of the nail, or simply the left side of the nail polish too long) in the string before starting a movement right.
This is the standard way of plucking a string and is used in most "slow to moderately rapid start-Shakers: Before you begin, usually both on the left side of the nail and the touch of a finger in the chain, allowing finger (and hand) for the rest of the chain in a balanced manner. When the movement is started, the ignition key is this: The curvature of the nail (left side) allows the chain was removed, while the string slides to the tip of the nail where it is released. This happens so quickly that the slip rope to the nail is not seen (but: a nail without problems and needed hand position must be adjusted if the strings plucking metal using nothing but injured the thumb, or the angle of attack will cause a very unpleasant noise shredded, unless of course, is the desired effect).
The act of planting is rapidly followed by picking the string, so that this movement can be used (normally used) without interruption in the sound begins to show. For practical reasons, staccato playing (in a single channel) can be used to highlight "Preparation": here the finger is placed on the vibrating string to stop the sound, and only after a delay of the finger starts the chain. (Amendment finger is generally used: i, m, or different patterns)
The plantation is essential for guitarists to get a sense intrinsic the location and position of the chains, although some teachers advocate the opposite.
No preparation time ("rapid repetitive tracing, "speed limit")
"Kick prepared" occurs in the progressions quick note, for example, the tremolo. Here begins The highlight of the string without any preparation: a pulse is killed in the line, no time to "prepare". Most often this occurs when a fingernail or re-start a string that vibrates and maintain its motion, for example, the tremolo, that's where the fingers strike the same note in the same chain growing fast. In addition, this movement, "unprepared" is also used in fast scales. Rapid scales have the added difficulty require the coordination of the left hand (putting fingers on the fretboard right) with the tone to begin production of the right hand.
Comparison
Note that this divided into two groups-picking is not strict. Each variation between full preparation before harvest, and immediately began without preparation. A guitarist individually choose the line to use based on personal choice and that to happen. Most guitarists that this intuitive choice and change and adjust movements play, but for analysis teaching / the distinction may be important.
Guitarists often intuitively use a combination of "helping the preparation" and "speed limit" (without preparation) to play the arpeggio patterns: Typically, the pattern of finger plucking is such that starts with your fingers on the strings as follows – the thumb on bass and finger, middle finger, ring finger in each of three strings, respectively. Then, the motion may be a straight arpeggio plucking strings with the thumb, for example, then the index, a half later, then restored – which means that the fingers one by one withdrew from the ropes that were at rest (due to movement plucking): The Plucking far were then "preparation" and the fingers are placed on the strings. But often, the arpeggio pattern, and then continues with the middle finger and start the chain – the complete pattern is: pimami. This means that if the pattern is reproduced very rapidly, m the past and I have to start from their respective supply chains "unprepared."
Of course, it is actually possible to play the entire structure (pimami) "without preparedness "- and may be beneficial for the teaching force guitarists to experiment with these movements (and changes in practice), instead leaving the chain in any way.
This separation is different from what we call time-outs and no time: the race and no other race can be used in the preparation and outside.
Consequences
Angle (the following discussion presents the items may differ guitarist to guitarist. In all cases, the angle of the fingers of his right hand (extension) for strings is not very variable.)
Angle Parallel (fingers of right hand on the left): Slow
The hand is usually held at an angle such that the extended fingers point slightly to the left (rather than perpendicular) on the ropes. But this angle can be actively varied (but only slightly) and results in different tones, but also has consequences:
More finger pointing to the left of the strings (that are parallel channels), more fingers is in contact with the strings, that slides on the chain of several fingers: This angle requires preparation – the insertion of nails (and fingers) on the string, then after a controlled manner. This angle creates a warmer tone, but because the chain slides over the nail, it's not good to start repetitive quickly.
more perpendicular angle (right finger): fast
To quickly start repeating the vibrating string is immediately restarted with a nail: a pulse is killed in the chain to keep the proposal – no time to "prepare".
High speed is not easily possible to produce a loud tone clear, if fingers are tipped too far left because it's not time to "prepare" "Preparation" is the establishment of the left side of the nail (often fingers) in the chain.
The fastest of the collection, as a gliding on the nail (More parallel) for the delay.
Thus, for a quick tap of the guitarist may choose to hold the fingers of his right hand in a perpendicular to the strings (although finger seems a little to the left) and knock over with the tip of the nail.
The above discussion focused on the angle as a dependency speed of collection. More important is the pitch angle dependence. As usual there is always a sort of details of the compensation in question and the final will depend on each individual separately guitar players and fingers / nails.
The practical consequences of the accumulation rate
When practice low-speed, hand position and time used should ideally be the same as the fast tempo.
Usually, the hand can be in different positions for fast and slow play. More importantly, a different movement can be used intuitively to play more slowly (that say with setup times) than the fastest game (without preparation time). This means that when constructing the accuracy and consistency in practice of plucking (like tremolo) at slow speeds, the position of the hand and the time devoted to this practice should be identical to the slow position hands and the race that is used when the plucking is done each day.
This means that the practice of slow vibrato (for example) requires the practice of "hit prepared! "It can be difficult because most guitarists intuitively choose a career with (at least) a little preparation for slow play. However, in this sense, practical approach to play for short bursts of speed in the middle slow practice can be helpful, noting the position of the hand of the guitarist and accident low speed or with a "blow to the preparation" The reason is that the normal movement of funds from the guitarist to get a better idea of where intrinsic string.
Position your right hand wrist / hand
There are a lot of freedom in positioning the right hand, which affects the angle which fingers strike the string. Guitarists spend a lot of time to find their individual position (perhaps more than one) that allow fingers / nails to pluck the strings with
beautiful tone (perhaps change the tone in different positions)
minimal noise
a sound position (without cables)
The hand position is influenced by the arm
change in the right arm rests on the guitar (or the extreme left or extreme right)
change what part of the right arm rests on the guitar (either)
The hand can vary as follows:
height (pitch) of the wrist
flexion of the hand at wrist left or right (this is generally regarded as a strain, and guitarist today many of them are relatively simple from hand arm. This usually requires the finger to the left channel and offers an additional advantage of a beautiful tone, which facilitates movement smoothly along the chain curve of the nail)
labor turnover (which can be tilted left or right. Often the guitarist time to time may roll slightly to the right – the opening of the hand and change the angle of departure, while others tend to use an open position with hand-rolled slightly to the right)
Nails
Modern practice generally uses the nail of his right hand in combination with the flesh of the fingers to press the strings. During the 19th century, many players, including guitarists known as Fernando Sor, Francisco Emilio Pujol Trrega and the student plays on the flesh of your fingertips, like the art of lute.
Strumming
Title in Spain scrape scrape. Or scratch scratch scratch is a technique flamenco guitar and classical, which includes the use of the back of the nails in order to give the impression of a very strumming Fast. There are several types of features that use different combinations of fingers and thumb, which allows a variety of accents and rhythmic subdivisions of the music.
Use the palm of the hand joint of the thumb lightly touching strings, producing a smooth and low.
Use your thumb nail produce a bright sound.
A simple combination of two fingers and thumb, the thumb strike on the lower strings and fingers to pick up the highest notes of the string from lowest to highest strings in quick succession.
External Links
"Rest Disease and Stroke Free Revisited" by Ricardo Iznaola, PDF or HTML
left hand technique
While the right manages the guitar sound in the left hand has two functions: pressing the strings (to shorten its effective length and changing the tone) and the municipality or by dragging (commonly known as hammer-ons and pull-offs) and vibrato. In musical notation, the fingers of the left hand is known as 1, 2, 3 and 4 (starting with the index).
The basic position for the left hand is very similar to this right except in reverse. Unlike many electric guitars and steel strings, which have a narrower neck and button (with fourteen frets clear of body the twelve frets classics), the classical guitarist does not have his left thumb on top of the neck. Instead, he placed behind the neck, most often behind the second toe.
The thumb and pull so that the thumb plays the "bones". The bone of the thumb hangs a shoulder which is carved on the back of the sleeve guitar and possibly a hard, impervious to dry on the run, allowing the left hand to change without sticking to the guitar.
Keeping the inch behind the second toe and playing outside in front of the third finger, classical guitarist defines the shape of the left hand.
Playing with her left hand more or less parallel to the neck requires a certain amount of travel between the fingers. There is a tendency, especially when starting the first guitar to close the first and second fingers, with television journalists. Por ejemplo, en el desempeño of F la primera cuerda, primer trast (a menudo el segundo nota cada vez después E dedos open first string) is a tendency to place the second finger on the top of the first to take note. The holding of a note with two fingers 1 and 2 without, however, is the stretch between your fingers between the second and third, the hardest to reach. The average the easiest to reach is made between the third and fourth (pink) fingers. The next easiest way between the first and second and more difficult among the middle finger, between 2 and 3. Therefore, in order to put all the fingers on strings (finger freight), the scope would be best between 1 and 2 and 3 and 4. Precautions must be taken to unlock 1 and 2. One way to train your hand to release 1 and 2 is to place a pencil between 1 and 2 with the other end behind the thumb while playing.
The classical guitar has a different set of calluses on his left hand reached the player with steel strings. chain Steel, played the guitar under his arm and right hip (called "plays with the hip), the fingers of the left work-string steel guitar on the diagonal, or "since" the land and the finger on the tip of the fingers, forming a callus on the keyboard. Classical guitarist has a different set of calluses left hand than the player's hand falls parallel classic neck and played on the "front" (the nail) of the fingertips. In general, in the classic, if the player is focused on playing in front of the third (or ring) finger, the fingers will follow.
To play a note clearly the fingertips of the left hand should be pressed against the chain, just behind the box. Let stand over your left shoulder allows the finger on the scale Rope or slide against and remains on the run, the best soundnd the best way to get to the other fingers. The fingers are thus placed as close hoops.
Often, the finger is forced to play more than one channel, called the "slash" technique. Guitarist places the index by a Part or all channels in a given cell and use the other three fingers to play other notes. Rather stifle the first bar, it is often easier to put your fingers and add the last one, that the notes are needed first.
When playing notes above the twelfth box, called "body", the left shoulder and the thumb is very late in the neck (unlike the cello technique breaks thumb above the handle).
You can play the same note on different strings, called "registration" or "record". For example, the letter "e" network broadcast first, perhaps to play, or "registered" in any string.
The guitar usually has options "Registry" notes on the guitar on the basis of:
The ease of typing. Beginners learn the open position, first before any registration might be more comfortable notes strings in the first place. Experienced players can find solutions in the highest positions on the basis of musical expression or using a change in a string as a guide.
Playing "in the string" – Keep a melody or a musical line in a string of continuous tone or expression.
The advent of nylon strings. Historically, the guitar at the beginning (before World War II) are strung with cat gut instead of nylon which we are accustomed. Previous editions is often the melody on the second channel, because 1) the second string was a beautiful sound, romantic in the highest positions that it was appropriate for the style the time and 2) the first string had a "light" and the intonation of his unreliability. With the advent of nylon strings, playing position (playing in a style block) became fashionable. Further improvements in the manufacture of ropes and innovations in the design of the guitar Modern continue to bring this matter to the point.
Counterpoint reasons: to allow a voice in a string vibrate during playback voice moving within another string.
Insults
Slurs, trills and other ornaments were played entirely with his left hand. For example, in a simple case of a semitone insult increasing (Hammer-on), a note from a prisoner by the first finger of your left hand on the fifth fret is played for the first time a normal manner and without the right hand does nothing else, the second finger of the left hand is placed face down on the sixth fret of the same chain, with his drive to increase the height of the channel plays a semitone. An insult descending (Pull-off) is simply the opposite of the above, equality starts at the highest and it is common that when you press the highest score starts the chain actively as elevators, so that the string to vibrate from the box as the finger is less depressing. The finger is usually lower position and pushing before the procedure begins. Three specific insults there, (1) active finger lifts up and out of the chain, (2) active finger rests on the string to close more later, and (3) a hybrid of the two in which the skin of the fingers adjacent string before removing.
If these procedures are repeated several times you know the result as a trill. Because the newspaper was launched on several occasions that it is possible to continue indefinitely a trill. Sometimes, the highest note of a trill is played by alternating the fingers as follows: 2-1-3-1 – etc.
Vibrato
The classical guitar vibrato is executed by tilting the fingertip left hand (s) and turn your back flat on the same square space (along the axis of the chain, not through it as a vertical "bend" in rock or blues) which produces a subtle change in tone, both sharper and flatter than the starting note, without significantly altering the basic approach height the note played. When the vibrato is necessary in the first or second box is sometimes useful to grow the chain through its axis, because it produces a Vibrato is remarkable. This second method only vary the pitch, bringing its stronger than the starting note is the most common method of vibrato used by a chain steel and electric guitar players.
Harmonics
Natural harmonics can be played by pressing a finger of his left hand on precise points process along a string without pressing down, then play the note in his right hand. The positions of both left and right hand are important. The left hand must be placed in a nodal point in the chain. are nodal points in the divisions of a member of the chain length. The simplest example would be when the finger left channel is divided into two and placed at the twelfth fret. The note is played an octave higher than the string. If the channel is divided into three (Finger of his left hand near the seventh freight), the note is an octave and a fifth above the open string. The player must be careful not to start chain to another node (near the bridge), if not sound the harmonic. This can be easily demonstrated rest a finger on his left hand on the fifth fret and try to play the note the string from the twelfth fret the right hand – no paper produced. Ideally, the right hand should grasp the rope a belly.
Artificial harmonics are played to stop the chain, as usual with the left hand, then rest (no pressure) in the index the right hand on the string to a nodal position (usually 5, 7, 9 or 12 boxes above the left hand finger) and take the rope or the annular the thumb of his right hand.
positions of the left hand
Like other classical stringed instruments, the notation of classical guitar and use positions Formal left hand. Media position 'does the hand is placed with the index on the n-th fret.
Key knowledge
EDCAGE
External Links
Left Hand of Peter Kun Frary troubleshooting, professor of music University of Hawaii, Leeward.
Classical Guitar Express free practice classical guitar newsletter by Tom Prisloe
Studies
There many exercises that can be used to develop the right and left hand technique in classical guitar.
Leo Brouwer
Simple Studies – Volumes 1-4
Matteo Carcassi
25 Studies Opus 60
Mauro Giuliani
Simple instructions and pleasant studies, Opus 100
Xviii progressive lessons, Opus 51 (18 lessons Progressive)
Study for La Chitarra, Opus 1 (The study of the guitar)
DILETTEVOLE Studi, Opus 98 (Animation Studios)
Esercizio by La Chitarra, Opus 48 (Training for guitar) 24 studies
Primi Lezioni Progressive, Opus 139 (First lessons Progressive)
120 studies for the development of the right hand
Fernando Sor
12 studies, Opus 6
Twelve Etudes, Opus 29
Leons Twenty four, Opus 31
Twenty four years, Opus 35
Introduction to "Study of the Guitar, Opus 60
20 studies for guitar (a collection of Andres Segovia)
Heitor Villa-Lobos
Twelve Etudes (1929)
Classical guitar playing Injuries
External Links
Complete Method for Guitar Otto Feder published by Ditson, 1858
Guitarist Site dedicated to human health and technical classical guitarist.
Musicians and injuries
GUITAR CREATIVE – Classical resource site and blog of the guitar.
See also
Classical guitar pedagogy
Guitar performance techniques | Classical categories guitarHidden Categories: Articles to be expanded since January 2007 | All articles to be expanded | All articles without source statements | Articles with statements without power in May 2009
guitar play along volume 98