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First Rock and Roll
The origins of Rock and Roll
Main article: Origins of rock and roll
Specifically, in terms of social and musical, rock and roll was born in the United States during the 1940s and early 1950s. During this time, active processes of cross-fertilization took place between the country and western music (mostly played and heard by whites), Western swing and rhythm and blues (R & B), which in turn consists of a variety of genres (including, for example, jump blues, Chicago blues, and doo-wop) and played and heard mostly by blacks. These processes of exchange and mixing were nurtured by shared experiences in the Second World War and broadcasting and discs. Several documents of this period were the most frequently cited by various authorities rockoll first register. "These include:
Sister Rosetta Tharpe Strange things happen every day (1944)
"Good Rockin 'Tonight" by Roy Brown (1947), later taken over by Wynonie Harris
"Rock the Joint" or original version by Jimmy Preston 1949 or the 1952 version of Bill Haley
"The Fat Man by Fats Domino, recorded in December , 1949
"Rocket 88" Jackie Brenston novel, recorded March 5, 1951 with Ike Turner and the Kings of Rhythm, or cover by Bill Haley, later, in 1951
Bill Haley's "Rock Around the Clock" (recorded on April 12, 1954), the coating Sonny Dae and his Knights song 1953
Elvis Presley "That's All Right (Mama)" (recorded in July 1954) a cover of Arthur "Big Boy" Crudup song of 1946.
However, there are many other candidates, and many questions that rock and roll back to any reports of precursors much earlier. What the book is the first record Rock'n'Roll Jim Dawson and Steve Propes discussed 50 contenders, Illinois Jacquet, "Blues, Part 2" (1944) with "Heartbreak Hotel" by Elvis Presley (1956), without reaching a definitive conclusion. In his introduction, the authors argue that since the modern definition of rock 'n' roll was created by the use of disc jockey Alan Freed's term in his groundbreaking The Rock and Roll Show in New York at the end of 1954 WINS and their Rock and Roll Jubilee Ball Arena at Saint-Nicolas, in January 1955, chose to judge candidates based on their music Released with stressed: R & B combos, black vocal groups, rattling saxophones, blues belters and white artists playing in authentic style R & B (Bill Haley, Elvis Presley). The artists who appeared at the first sign Freed, including Chief Conductor Buddy Johnson, clovers, Fats Domino, Big Joe Turner, the Moonglows, Clyde McPhatter and the Drifters, and the Harptones. This, for example Dawson and Propes, was the first music division 'n' roll during the time the term stuck in America. Because the honking tenor sax was been the driving force in entertainment and in most of the documents provided I played, the authors began their list with shouts and whistles Live 1944 jazz with Illinois Jacquet in the Los Angeles Philharmonic in mid-1944.
Decree against the stone rolling King
In 2004, the debate broke out between fans of Elvis Presley, and many in the music world by saying "That's All Right Mama" was the first rock and roll song and those who feel the applicant should be good Bill Haley's "Rock Around the Clock ", two songs that celebrate its 50th anniversary this year. Rolling Stone gave the controversial step unilateral declaration Presley song the first rock and roll record.
Presley himself was not to be In sight. In his book Race, Rock and Elvis, Michael T. Bertrand quote on the subject:
Many people seem to think I started this business, but rock 'n' roll was here long before my arrival. Nobody can sing this kind of music that people of color. Let Realist: I do can not sing like Fats Domino. I know. (P. 199)
Chronology of competitors as "the first stone and Registration Roll
The schedule below shows certain documents relevant to a discussion on "rockoll record first." Some songs mention that important lyrical content, while others are regarded as providing an important influence melodic, harmonic or rhythmic. These securities are not only the successes of the 1950s, when music emerged on the national and international scene, but other precursors to what became like rock and roll.
1910
1916
The first use of the phrase "rocking and rolling" on the record seems to have happened to Little Wonder # 339, "The Camp Meeting Jubilee" by a vocal quartet Anonymous male. It includes the lyrics "We were the swingarm rockin 'a' / Rockin 'and rolling of the arms / in the arms of Moses. "Here the meaning is clearly religious rather than secular.
1920
1922
"My man rocks me (with a roll of balance)" by Trixie Smith. Although played with a backbeat and was one of the first "all day" song lyrics, the minor-key slow blues rock and roll was not the media. However, Title and the lyrics make this first recording that offers the secular sexual meaning attached words rock and roll.
1927
"Kansas City Blues" by Jim Jackson (recorded October 10, 1927). This was the best selling blues, proposed as one of the first recordings of a Seller dollars. Its melody line was re-used and developed by Charlie Patton ("move to New York") and Hank Williams ("Move It On Over ") before leaving in" Rock Around The Clock "and its lyrical content presaged" Leiber and Stoller Kansas City. "Contains the line" It need a rocking chair to rock, a rubber ball to roll, Bill Haley later included in the record of 1952, "Sundown Boogie".
1928
"It shook like that," Tampa Red, with pianist Georgia Tom (Thomas A. Dorsey) (filed October 24, 1928) was a great success record nonsense principles that combined humor in rural areas of debauchery with a sophisticated musical technique. With its five Chicago, Tampa Red then moved to the forefront of young Chicago band "Bluebird" sound, while Dorsey became the "father of gospel music."
"Boogie Woogie Pine Top" Clarence "Pinetop" Smith (recorded on December 29, 1928) was one of the first hit "Boogie Woogie" records, and the first to include references rock roll classic "girl Red Dress "is" not move a peg "until he could" shake that thing "and" wasting time. "Song Smith is derived from the recording of 1925 Jimmy Blythe, "Blues Jimmy."
1929
"Crazy About My Baby" by Blind Roosevelt Graves and his brother Uaroy, country blues with a rhythmic accompaniment small groups. Gayle Dean Wardlow researcher said that "'n' registration can be considered the cornerstone of the roll" this. See also Jook Band Mississippi 1936.
1930
1932
"Tiger Rag" by rhythm kings laundry (later known as laundry Stompers Georgia) was a performance almost out of control with a washboard and Energy oscillating exceptionally high for depression at the beginning of the Great. . It opens with an ounce of a single repeated guitar note would become a rope in the hands of Robert Johnson, T-Bone Walker and others. This is just one of many bands records spasms, bands and skiffle groups pitcher with the same nature, informal feel that rock and roll was. After the original recording of the Original Dixieland Band Jass in 1917, "Tiger Rag" became not only a jazz standard, but also a wide coverage in the dance band orchestrations and running.
1934
The Boswell Sisters recorded his song "Rock and Roll", which refers to "the rolling rocking rhythm of the sea".
1935
Benny Goodman and his orchestra with singer Helen Ward, swing recorded the song "Get Rhythm in your feet and music in his soul" in July 1935, with the line "To start … rock and roll, get the rhythm in the feet and the music of your soul …."
1936
"Oh Red" by The Harlem Hamfats (recorded on April 18, 1936) was a record the blow by a small group of jazz musicians assembled by blues J. Mayo Williams for the specific purpose of making records dance with commercial success. Asked at the time (and then by jazz fans) as a group of novelty, the format has become a big influence, and the group's recordings, including many references to sex and drugs.
"Skippy Whippy" and "Hittin 'The Bottle Stomp" by the Mississippi Jook group (recorded July 1936) with Blind Roosevelt Graves (see 1929) were very rhythmic instrumental recordings by a trio of guitar, piano, tambourine, there have been two decades later with the amplification Full undoubtedly have been considered rock and roll.
"I think I'll Dust My Broom" (recorded November 23, 1936), "Crossroad Blues" (recorded on November 27, 1936) and other recordings of Robert Johnson, but not particularly successful at the time, directly influenced the development of Chicago blues, and when reissued in early 1960, also strongly influenced rock musicians later.
1937
"Sing, Sing, Sing" by Benny Goodman (written by Louis Prima) is repeated Gene Krupa drum breaks, nature and music announced high performance battery rock and roll.
"Rock It For Me" by Ella Fitzgerald, Chick Webb Orchestra and with, has been a swing number with the letter "… Not that meet my soul, rock and roll? "
1938
"Rock Me" by Sister Rosetta Tharpe (recorded on October 31, 1938), a gospel song written by Thomas Dorsey and "Hide Me in the chest, which Tharpe done in the style of a blues town, with the voice electric guitar and ecstasy. It changed Dorsey "sing" a "swing" and how they pulled the "R" in "Rock Me" was the term being taken as a double meaning, interpretable as a religious or sexual. Many stars of rock and roll Elvis Presley, including Jerry Lee Lewis and Little Richard, spoke of their music style and energetic performance as an influence.
"Ida Red" by Bob Wills and the Texas Playboys, a swing band in the west, with the electric guitar by Eldon Shamblin. The melody was Recycled few years after Chuck Berry "Maybellene."
"Rock Em Pete" by Pete Johnson and Joe Turner (Sealed December 30, 1938), an up-tempo boogie woogie with a back pace applause and a comprehensive collection of blues poetry
1939
"Rockin 'Rollin' Mama" by Buddy Jones, a 12-bar blues played in the style of western swing singer white country music and his band, including Moon Mullican at the piano, with the following lines:
The waves of the ocean waves Sea
But the girl of my rolls just for me
Mom "Rollin 'Rockin, Love how rock and roll
You ease my troubled mind and soothe my weary soul. "
1940
1940
"Early In The Morning New" and "Jivin 'The Blues" (Both enrolled on May 17, 1940) by John Lee "Sonny Boy Williamson, two examples of the group very influential and popular little rhythmic blues recordings of Chicago Bluebird label Lester Melrose, and one of the first in which the battery pack (Fred Williams) were recorded prominently.
"Down the road a piece" of the Orchestra Will Bradley, a number of boogie rock, was recorded in August this year with drummer " Eight Beat Mack "by Ray McKinley voice in song writer, Don Raye. The song became a standard rock and roll, recorded by hundreds of rock artists, including Amos Milburn, Chuck Berry, The Rolling Stones, Jerry Lee Lewis, The Foghat, and Bruce Springsteen. However, the 1940 original by Will Bradley argues that the first really roll version of the song.
The "eight hits" in the name of McKinley and the popular expression "eight to the bar "in many songs indicate the novelty of the amendment of four beats per measure of jazz, boogie woogie eight beats per measure is characteristic rock and roll today.
"Boogie Woogie Bugle Boy" by The Andrews Sisters contains many proto-rock and elements roll. This is the best known example the group, but there were also other proto-rock records like "Beat Me Daddy Eight to the Bar." It is Note that these two songs were written by the same man, namely, Don Raye.
1942
"Flying Home" by Lionel Hampton and His Orchestra, tenor sax solo by Illinois Jacquet, recreated and refined in vivo by Arnett Cobb, a unique model for rock and roll since then, emotional, long horns, not only a fundamental violation, but the cornerstone of the song. Benny Goodman Sextet was a popular success in 1939 with a chamber music "jazz moderate" version of the song with the guitarist Charlie Christian. In 1944, Jacquet recorded more " horn "solo" Blues, Part 2, "presented as" Jazz at the Philharmonic. "
"Mean Old World "T-Bone Walker classic Earlier this highly influential guitarist, often cited as the first song that are totally healthy. Walker credits BB King inspired him to take the electric guitar, but his influence extends far beyond the blues to jazz and rock and roll of course. "Mean Old World" a little guitar a rope on it so it would be developed by fellow Texas bluesman Carter Goree, Elmore James and especially that of Chuck Berry. 1947 T-Bone Walker Salta new "And" T-Bone Shuffle "also show their ability to choose.
1943
"The whole is really jumpin 'at Carnegie Hall ", with Judy Garland and Jose Iturbi Miles joy in the film is remarkable not only for their agreement to the boogie-woogie, but the lyrics "When we start to rock," which uses the word "rock" in a purely musical (as opposed to its most common use at that time as a double meaning for sex). But Garland was far from being the first to use the term "rock" in a musical sense in a movie. She beaten until he was 5 years and in 1938, Gertrude Niesen singing the song "Rockin 'The Town" in the film, Cheering Click Start, The Boswell Sisters before five Transatlantic Merry-Go-Round with "Rock and Roll" (although it should be noted the song is strictly Boswell rolling stock and ocean waves and has no musical or sexual reference.)
1944
"Straighten and Fly Right" by Nat King Cole Trio, very light in the swing, but a song popular success of African-American folktale, This seems similar to Bo Diddley, but without the big beat.
"I Wonder" and "Cecil's Boogie" by Cecil Glove, black performance in the early ballad that has become very popular, the first black tenors. Cecil Boogie has many shades of rock and roll.
1945
"The Honeydripper" by Joe Liggins (recorded on April 20, 1945), synthesized piano boogie-woogie, jazz, and even popular riff Chestnut Pan Shortnin "an impressive demonstration of dance that is at the top of lists of R & B" race "for 18 weeks.
"Guitar Boogie" by Arthur "Guitar Boogie" Smith, boogie woogie first played the electric guitar, and much later imitated by guitarists country boogie.
1946
Louis Jordan "Choo Choo Ch'Boogie "(recorded in January 1946) and" Let the Good Times Roll "(as in 1945" Caldonia ") have been very influential in style and content, and popular throughout the two audiences black and white. His producer Milt Gabler was to produce hits Bill Haley, Jordan and guitarist Carl Hogan, on songs like "Is not That Just Like A Woman" (also 1946) was a direct influence on the guitar style of Chuck Berry.
"House of Blue Light" Freddie Slack and Ella Mae Morse (recorded February 12, 1946), the first white artists to perform what is now considered such as R & B.
"Boogie Woogie Baby," "Freight Train Boogie" and "Hillbilly Boogie" by Delmore Brothers, with harmonica player Wayne Raney recordings were typical up-tempo, heavily influenced by the blues, this pair of country music very influence, which was first recorded in 1931. One of his most influential record, "Blues Stay Away From Me" was recorded in 1949.
1947
"Move It On Over" by Hank Williams, who uses a melody similar to 1927 Jim Jackson "Kansas City Blues" and is used in "Rock Around The Clock".
"Ten gallons Boogie" and other evidence of Pee Wee King and his Golden West Cowboys sign "Rock Around the Clock." Their voices were emerging standard / West, but their arrangements and melodies, consistent with the aggressive opening accordion related to Bill Haley and "Johnny Bravo, who has played the instrument on the Comets' early work Comets as western swing band and later starred in several films and rock tours.
"Oakie Boogie Jack Guthrie, a boogie country western swing.
"Good Rocking Tonight", in separate versions by Roy Brown and Wynonie Harris (registered on 28 December, 1947), the two black artists. Brown's original version is a jump blues parodies of gospel music, and for the first time fuses the spiritual meaning of "rock" with the lay meaning of dance and sex. Harris version is more up-tempo and rhythm, close to rock and roll, and led to a craze for blues with "rock" in the title. Later covered by Elvis Presley and less bright plume of Pat Boone.
"We're Gonna Rock, We're Gonna Roll "by Wild Bill Moore (recorded on December 18, 1947), the first commercially successful" hit "Connect-sax, with the title of a song in the background.
"I Can not Be Satisfied" by Muddy Waters, recorded in 1947 and premiered in 1948, which contains all the elements of what would become rock and roll: a bass / snare / electric guitar playing combined with a heavy blue background rhythm. The single was a huge success in the Chicago area. Registered by the record company was one of the last Aristocrat label singles before changing its name to Chess Records, which became one of the largest players in the early development of rock n 'roll and electric blues.
1948
"Chicken Shack Boogie" by Amos Milburn, a piano-led boogie references to off-hours drinking and cavorting, which became a huge success.
"Rovin 'Eyes" by Bill Haley and the Four Aces of Western Swing. The song is very high which is backed by a song called Candy standard western swing and women. This song sounds like the last Bill Haley. It has all the elements of 50's Rock 'n' Roll. The song was fast enough for the time and almost broke the limits Western Swing.
1949
"Drinking Wine Spo-Dee-O-Dee" by Stick McGhee and his friends (Registered 14 February 1949), one of the first "party" the song recorded by Jerry Lee Lewis.
Rock And Roll "by Wild Bill Moore, the year before. A rock boogie, where Moore is repeated throughout the song" It's gonna rock and roll, we roll and rock "and ends the song with the phrase:" Beware Mom is going to rock and roll. "
Another song was "Rock and Roll Blues" and "Rock and Roll 'Erline Harris, a singer with the lyrics" I'll turn off the lights, let's rock and roll all night "
"We're Gonna Rock Town Tonight", also known as "Rock the "common, as recorded by Jimmy Preston in May 1949, is often considered a prototype rock and roll song. It was covered in 1951 by Jimmy Cavallo and in 1952 by Bill Haley and the Saddlemen, Marshall Lytle, bass player for the Comets, said it was one of the songs that inspired Alan Freed to invent the phrase "rock and roll" to describe the music played.
"Saturday Night Fish Fry" Louis Jordan and Five bloating (recorded August 9, 1949) was a great success and influence. The song is about a fish fry in New Orleans who ends with a police raid and repeated the refrain: "It was rocking."
"The Fat Man" Fats Domino (recorded on December 10, 1949) with fat in the mouth wah-wah trumpet, the first of his 35 Top 40. The new pace of insistent rhythm section dominates. The song is based on "Junker Blues" Willie "Drive'em Down Hall.
"Rock Awhile" by Goree Carter, the Liberty label in Houston, Texas. It opens with an insistent version of T-Bone Walker licks an electric guitar chord, which became more later famous by Chuck Berry "Maybelline."
"Rag Mop" by Johnnie Lee Wills and Deacon Anderson is a new subject, the letter is simply the way of returns. The song is best known for his 1950 hit recording by the Ames Brothers.
1950
1950
"Rock Me to Sleep", written by Benny Carter and Paul Vandervoort II and recorded by Helen Humes backed by Marshall Royal Orchestra.
"Birmingham Bounce" by Hardrock Gunter, one of the earliest references to "rock" on the dance floor.
"(Gonna Rock and Roll) Gonna Dance All Night" by Hardrock Gunter, Birmingham issued after the rebound, the main letter that says "Gonna Rock and Roll, Gonna Dance All Night" may be the first use of "Rock and Roll" in a purely musical.
"Hot Rod Race Arkie Shibley and by Mountain Dew Boys, emphasizing the role of fast cars in teen culture.
"Sixty Minute Man" Domino (recorded December 30, 1950). This was the first (and explicit) great R & B to cross into the charts and the group itself (with Clyde McPhatter) has appeared in numerous exhibitions at the beginning of Alan Freed.
1951
"How High The Moon "by Les Paul and Mary Ford (recorded January 4, 1951), the first record of success in the electrical industry tricks than doubling, and one of the first with a solo electric guitar.
"Rocket 88" (recorded March 5, 1951) Jackie Brenston and his Delta Cats (in fact, Ike Turner and the Kings of Rhythm), and later in the year of Bill Haley and the Saddlemen. Both versions of this song were reported record first stone and definitive role in the various authorities. Brenston was very influential for its sound and lyrical content, and was a huge success. Reached # 1 on the Billboard Rhythm and Blues, 9 June 1951 and offers Sun Records, on the road to success. Haley version was one the first white covers of R & B, and laid the groundwork for future careers. Haley version S had more drive, and the votes have been improved ..
"Boogie Woogie Blues," recorded in New York in mid-May 1951 by Charlie Graci. Ulterior would add an "e" in its name and 1957, its original "Butterfly" sold over two million copies.
1952
"Hound Dog" by Willie Mae "Big Mama" Thornton (recorded on August 13, 1952), a raucous R & B song recorded with Johnny Otis Band (Uncredited for contractual reasons), written by white teenagers Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller ..
"Rockin 'A" Rollin '. Recorded by Charlie Gracie in New York in 1952.
1953
"Gee" by the Ravens (recorded February 10, 1953). It was a great success in 1954 and is credited by the authority of rock n roll, Jay Warner, as "the first Rock n Roll beaten by a rock and roll band. "
"Crazy Man Crazy by Bill Haley and his Comets (recorded in April 1953) was the first of their recordings to make the Billboard pop chart. It was not a cover but an original composition. Haley said he had heard the expression in the dances of his group was playing school.
"Mess Around" by Ray Charles (Recorded May 1953), one of his early success. It was written by Ahmet Ertegn, with some songs from riffs off the classic boogie woogie 1929, "Pinetop's Boogie Woogie."
1954
"Shake, Rattle and Roll" Big Joe Turner (recorded February 15, 1954), later covered by Bill Haley & His Comets. Turner's version tops the Billboard R & B chart in June 1954. Haley version, which is very different in the lyrics and arrangement, made before the success of "Rock Around the Clock" for several months, even if it was recorded later. 1956 after Elvis Presley combined version of lyrics by Haley Turner, but failed considerable ..
"Sh-Boom" by the Chords (recorded March 15, 1954), and crew cuts. In this case, it was a pale imitation. The song is considered a pioneer of alternative doo-wop.
"Rock Around the Clock" by Bill Haley and his Comets (recorded on April 12, 1954) was the first number one rock and roll record. This song is often credited with driving rock into the mainstream, at least in the course of adolescence. At first it was lackluster sales, but after the success of two other recordings Haley, who "Shake Rattle and Roll" and "Dim, Dim Lights," was later included in the film Blackboard Jungle on a high school harsh, exposed to a wider audience .. The song was recorded in 1953 by Sonny Dae & His Knights end, a group led by the new Vennitti Paschal, whose registration had become a modest success at local time Haley recorded his version.
"It's All Right (Mama)" by Elvis Presley (recorded July 1954), this revival of Arthur Crudup tone was Elvis's first single. The B side is a rock version of the song Bluegrass Bill Monroe "Blue Moon of Kentucky" is recognized by many singers of rock as an influence on the music ..
"I Got a Woman" by Ray Charles (recorded in November 1954), composed with band mate Renald Richard, and she made her first tour with T-Bone Walker It was not only the first really big success Carlos, but it is also widely regarded as the first soul song, the combination the gospel and R & B.
1955
"Bo Diddley" Bo Diddley (recorded on March 2, 1955) ..
"Maybellene" by Chuck Berry (recorded on May 21, 1955) ..
"Tutti Frutti" by Little Richard (recorded September 14, 1955) ..
"Blue Suede Shoes" by Carl Perkins (Recorded December 19, 1955), including elements of rockabilly and country music. Later made more famous by Elvis Presley, Perkins original version was a rock in the early "standard n 'roll ..
References
GF ^ Wald, Shout sister shout: Untold Story Rosetta Rock and roll pioneer Sister Tharpe (Beacon Press, 2008).
^ Http: / / ab www.hoyhoy.com dawn_of_rock.htm /
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTU VWXY ^ Jim Dawson and Steve Propes, who was the first stone and registration roll, 1992, ISBN 0-571-12939-0
^ Small Wonder records, books, bubble, Emerson, Victor, Harper, Columbia, Waterson, Berlin and Snyder
^ Trixie Smith
^ Way of the Hellhound: Jim Jackson
Peter J. Abc ^ Silvestre, a left hand God: a history of boogie woogie piano (1989), ISBN 0-306-80359-3.
Gayle Dean Wardlow ^ Chasing the devil's music, 1998
^ Press release – Roots of Rock and Roll to the Blues Trail marker with honor
^ Yanow, Scott, "Machine Rhythm Kings: Biography"
^ A Sleevenotes CD Let's get drunk and trucks, 253, 2003 FABCD fabulous
Blind Roosevelt Graves and Brother ^
^ "Sister Rosetta Tharpe (19151973) – Encyclopedia of Arkansas
^ Wald, Gayle, Shout, Sister, Shout!, P. 42
^ Wald, Gayle, Shout, Sister, Shout!, P. ix
Bob Wills ^
^ Ab cdefghijkl Nick Tosches, Rock and roll heroes, 1991, ISBN 0-436-53203-4
^ The Straight Dope: Who invented the term "rock 'n' roll?
^ Biography: John Lee Williamson
^ The Andrews Sisters Bio
Helen Oakley Dance ^ and BB King Stormy Monday, P. 164
^ Dahl, Bill, T-Bone Walker Biography
NPR Jazz Profiles ^: Nat "King" Cole
Delmore Brothers ^ in the Hall of Fame Country Musk
^ Delmore Brothers discography
^ Http: / / www.hoyhoy.com/
^ Harris Erline
^ Goree Carter
^ Warner, Jay, groups of American singers: A History from 1940 to the Present (2006), published by Hal Leonard Corporation on page 137
^ Lydon, Michael Charles, Ray: Man and Music, p. 95
^ Lydon, Michael Ray Charles: Man and Music, p. 113
^ Ray Charles (induced 1986), Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum
Read more
Dawson, Jim, and Propes, Steve (1992). What was the hard rock and roll first?. Faber & Faber. ISBN 0-571-12939-0.
See also
Rock and roll roots
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame 500 songs that shaped rock and roll
Boogie woogie
Jump blues
Western Swing
Doo-wop
External Links
When I very rock and roll was born? Alexis Petridis by The Guardian, April 16, 2004
http://www.history-of-rock.com/numberonerecord.htm
Rock Before Elvis HoyHoy.com alias Morgan Wright – which covers aspects of rock and roll from 1948 to 1953
Categories: Lists of songs | Rock musicHidden categories: Articles related cleaning since August 2007 | All pages needing cleanup
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